PLC kontrollü kurutucu konveyör tasarımı ve imalatı
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
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Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada kurutucu konveyör sistemi (KKS) tasarımı ve imalatı gerçekleştirilmiştir. KKS, doğrudan (pasif) güneş enerjili kabin tipi kurutma sistemidir. İlk olarak kurutma kabininin boyutlandırılma hesapları yapılmıştır. İkinci olarak kabin havalandırması için gerekli hava miktarı hesaplanmıştır. Üçüncü olarak kurutulacak ürünün yüklenmesi ve boşaltılmasını kolaylaştırmak amacı ile taşıyıcı konveyör bant sistemi tasarımı yapılmıştır. Daha sonra kabin üzerine yerleştirilecek olan güneş radyasyonunun geçmesine izin veren cam seçimi, fan seçimi, ağırlık ölçer, sıcaklıkölçer ve nemölçer gibi algılayıcı seçimleri yapılmıştır. Tasarım işlemi ve gerekli donanım seçimleri yapıldıktan sonra kurutma sisteminin imalatı yapılmıştır. Kurutma sistemine ait taşıyıcı konveyör bant sisteminin denetimi ve sıcaklık, nem ve ağırlık gibi verilerin toplanması ve kaydedilmesi için PLC kullanılmıştır. İmalatı yapılan kurutma sisteminin performansını değerlendirmek için Adana ilinde Ağustos ve Eylül aylarında hasat edilen yaş erik meyvesi seçilmiştir. Deney sonucunda yemeye hazır yarı kurutulmuş erik elde etme amaçlanmış ve deney Eylül ayında yapılmıştır. Deneysel çalışmada kurutma işleminin başlangıcından bitimine kadar yaş ürünün ağırlık ölçümleri, kabin giriş havasına, kabin içindeki havasına ve kabin çıkış havasına ait sıcaklık ve nem ölçümleri yapılmış ve kaydedilmiştir. Yaş erik meyvesi çok yüksek su içeriğine ve su aktivasyonuna sahip olduğu için ve deneyler Eylül ayında yapıldığı için deneyler yedi gün sürmüştür. Gereken hesaplamalar MATLAB ile modellenmiş, kurutma işlemi psikrometrik diyagrama çizilmiş ve sistem performansını görmek için diğer grafikler çizilmiştir. Deneylerde istenilen tatmin edici sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Eylül ayına göre Ağustos ayında güneş radyasyonu daha yüksek olduğu için yaş erik meyvesinin hasat işleminden sonra kurutmanın Ağustos ayında yapılmasının daha iyi sonuçlar vereceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
In this study, the dryer conveyor system (KKS) design and manufacturing has been carried out. KKS is a direct (passive) solar powered cabin type drying system. First, the sizing calculations of the drying cabinet were performed. Secondly, the amount of air required for cabin ventilation was calculated. Thirdly, a conveyor belt system has been designed in order to facilitate the loading and unloading of the product to be dried. Later, a glass that allows the passage of solar radiation to be placed on the cabin, fan, and sensor such as weight meter, temperature meter and humidity meter were selected. After the design process and the necessary equipment selection, the drying system was manufactured. PLC is used to control the conveyor belt system of the drying system and to collect and record data such as temperature, humidity and weight. In order to evaluate the performance of the drying system manufactured, fresh plum fruit harvested in Adana in August and September was selected. At the end of the experiment, it was aimed to obtain ready-to-eat semi-dried plums and the experiment was carried out in September. In the experimental study, the weight measurements of the wet product from the beginning to the end of the drying process, the temperature and humidity values of the cabin inlet air, the air in the cabin and the cabin exit air were measured and recorded. The experiments took seven days, as the fresh plum fruit has a very high water content and water activation and the experiments were carried out in September. Basic calculations were modeled with MATLAB, the drying process was plotted on a psychrometric diagram, and other graphs were drawn to see system performance. Satisfactory results were obtained in the experiments. Since the solar radiation is higher in August compared to September, it is concluded that drying the fresh plum fruit after harvesting in August will give better results.
In this study, the dryer conveyor system (KKS) design and manufacturing has been carried out. KKS is a direct (passive) solar powered cabin type drying system. First, the sizing calculations of the drying cabinet were performed. Secondly, the amount of air required for cabin ventilation was calculated. Thirdly, a conveyor belt system has been designed in order to facilitate the loading and unloading of the product to be dried. Later, a glass that allows the passage of solar radiation to be placed on the cabin, fan, and sensor such as weight meter, temperature meter and humidity meter were selected. After the design process and the necessary equipment selection, the drying system was manufactured. PLC is used to control the conveyor belt system of the drying system and to collect and record data such as temperature, humidity and weight. In order to evaluate the performance of the drying system manufactured, fresh plum fruit harvested in Adana in August and September was selected. At the end of the experiment, it was aimed to obtain ready-to-eat semi-dried plums and the experiment was carried out in September. In the experimental study, the weight measurements of the wet product from the beginning to the end of the drying process, the temperature and humidity values of the cabin inlet air, the air in the cabin and the cabin exit air were measured and recorded. The experiments took seven days, as the fresh plum fruit has a very high water content and water activation and the experiments were carried out in September. Basic calculations were modeled with MATLAB, the drying process was plotted on a psychrometric diagram, and other graphs were drawn to see system performance. Satisfactory results were obtained in the experiments. Since the solar radiation is higher in August compared to September, it is concluded that drying the fresh plum fruit after harvesting in August will give better results.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Güneş Enerjisi, Kurutma, Konveyör Tasarımı, PLC, Solar Energy, Drying, Conveyor Design
