Çimento üretim sektöründe toz seviyelerinin belirlenmesi ve çalışanlar üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi
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Tarih
2021
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada çimento üretim sektöründe çeşitli ünite ve proseslerde çalışan personelin iş sağlığı ve güvenliği kapsamında maruz kaldığı toz düzeyleri ile işçi sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca toz maruziyetleri seviyeleri, ulusal ve uluslararası mevzuatlara göre değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, bir çimento fabrikasında kişisel solunabilir ve ortamda toplam toz konsantrasyonu ölçümleri yapılmıştır. İşletmede, çeşitli ünitelerde çalışan 15 farklı kişide kişisel solunabilir toz konsantrasyonu ve fabrika sahasında 31 farklı ortamda da solunabilir toz konsantrasyonu ölçülmüştür. Ortam/kişisel toplam toz konsantrasyonu ölçümleri, Solunabilir/Toplam Toz Ölçümü Metodu standardına uygun olarak yapılmıştır. Kişisel solunabilir toz konsantrasyonu ölçümü yapılan 15 çalışandan ikisinde yasal mevzuat sınır değeri olan 5 mg/m3 değerinin, 3 çalışanın İngiltere İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kuruluşu sınır değeri olan 4 mg/m3 değerinin, 4 çalışanda ise Amerikan Ulusal İş Hijyenistleri Konferansı sınır değeri olan 3 mg/m3 değerinin üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kişisel solunabilir toz konsantrasyonları incelendiğinde en yüksek değerler kırıcı ünitesinde çalışan personellerde belirlenmiş olup, bu değerler yasal mevzuatın da üzerindedir. Ortamda toplam toz konsantrasyonu ölçüm sonuçları incelendiğinde genel olarak en yüksek değerlerin değirmen ünitelerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Farin değirmeni ve çimento değirmeni gibi ünitelerde biriken tozların ortamdan uzaklaştırılmaması ile maruziyet artmıştır. Kırıcı ünitelerinde tozumayı engellemek ya da azaltmak için su pulverize edilerek malzeme daha nemli hale getirilmeli ve değirmen ünitelerinde düzenli olarak ortam temizliği yapılmalıdır. Kırıcı ve değirmen ünitelerinde çalışanların iş yeri hekimi tarafından düzenli olarak tibbi muayeneleri yapılmalı ve sağlık durumları izlenmelidir.
In this study, the dust levels that the personnel working in various units and processes in the cement production sector are exposed to within the scope of occupational health and safety and their effects on worker health were determined. In addition, dust exposure levels have been evaluated according to national and international regulations. In this study, personal respirable and total dust concentration measurements were made in a cement factory. Personal respirable dust concentration was measured in 15 different people working in various units in the facility and respirable dust concentration in 31 different environments in the factory site. Ambient / personal total dust concentration measurements were made in accordance with the Respirable / Total Dust Measurement Method standard. The legal value limit of 5 mg/m3 was exceeded in 2 employees. In another 3, the UK Health and Safety Executive limit value of 4 mg/m3 was exceeded. In another 4 of them, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists limit value of 3 mg/m3 has been exceeded. When personal respirable dust concentrations are examined, the highest values were determined for the personnel working in the crusher unit, and these values are also above the legal legislation. When the measurement results of the total dust concentration in the environment were examined, it was determined that the highest values were generally found in the mill units. The exposure has increased due to the fact that the dust accumulated in units such as raw mills and cement mills was not removed from the environment. In order to prevent or reduce dusting in the crushing units, the water should be pulverized to make the material more moist and the environment should be cleaned regularly in the mill units. Medical examinations of employees working in crushing and milling units should be regularly performed by the workplace doctor and their health status should be monitored.
In this study, the dust levels that the personnel working in various units and processes in the cement production sector are exposed to within the scope of occupational health and safety and their effects on worker health were determined. In addition, dust exposure levels have been evaluated according to national and international regulations. In this study, personal respirable and total dust concentration measurements were made in a cement factory. Personal respirable dust concentration was measured in 15 different people working in various units in the facility and respirable dust concentration in 31 different environments in the factory site. Ambient / personal total dust concentration measurements were made in accordance with the Respirable / Total Dust Measurement Method standard. The legal value limit of 5 mg/m3 was exceeded in 2 employees. In another 3, the UK Health and Safety Executive limit value of 4 mg/m3 was exceeded. In another 4 of them, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists limit value of 3 mg/m3 has been exceeded. When personal respirable dust concentrations are examined, the highest values were determined for the personnel working in the crusher unit, and these values are also above the legal legislation. When the measurement results of the total dust concentration in the environment were examined, it was determined that the highest values were generally found in the mill units. The exposure has increased due to the fact that the dust accumulated in units such as raw mills and cement mills was not removed from the environment. In order to prevent or reduce dusting in the crushing units, the water should be pulverized to make the material more moist and the environment should be cleaned regularly in the mill units. Medical examinations of employees working in crushing and milling units should be regularly performed by the workplace doctor and their health status should be monitored.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Toz Maruziyeti, İşçi Sağlığı, Meslek Hastalıkları, Çimento Fabrikalarında İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği, Dust Exposure, Worker Health, Occupational Diseases, Occupational Health and Safety In Cement Factories
