An approach to manufacturing well-being milk chocolate in partial replacement of lecithin by the functional plant-based combination

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dc.authoridTosif, Mansuri M./0000-0002-9077-5429
dc.authoridGoksen, Gulden/0000-0002-5432-7936
dc.authoridDhull, Sanju Bala/0000-0002-5749-6241
dc.authoridSharma, Minaxi/0000-0001-6493-5217
dc.contributor.authorPatel, Harshvardhan
dc.contributor.authorBains, Aarti
dc.contributor.authorSridhar, Kandi
dc.contributor.authorAli, Nemat
dc.contributor.authorNajda, Agnieszka
dc.contributor.authorTosif, Mansuri M.
dc.contributor.authorDhull, Sanju Bala
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-17T12:27:45Z
dc.date.available2025-03-17T12:27:45Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentTarsus Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractLecithin is constituted of a glycerophospholipid mixture and is abundantly used as an emulsifying agent in various food applications including chocolate production. However, overconsumption of lecithin may create an adverse effect on human health. Thus, this study aims to replace the lecithin with plant-based gums. Different ratios of guar and arabic gum (25%-75%) and their blend (25%-75%) were employed as partial replacement of lecithin. Milk chocolate prepared using 40% guar gum (60GGL [guar gum, lecithin]), 25% arabic gum (75AGL [arabic gum, lecithin]), and a blend of 15 arabic gum and 10 guar gum (65AGGL [arabic gum, guar gum, lecithin]) showed similar rheological behavior as compared to control chocolate (100% lecithin). The fat content of 65AGGL (37.85%) was significantly lower than that of the control sample (43.37%). Rheological behavior exhibited shear-thinning behavior and samples (60GGL-75GGL-80GGL, 65AGL-75AGL, and 65AGGL-75AGGL) showed similar rheological properties as compared to control. The chocolate samples (60GGL and 65AGGL) showed significantly (p < .05) higher hardness values (86.01 and 83.55 N) than the control (79.95 N). As well, gum-added chocolates exhibited higher thermal stability up to 660(degrees)C as compared to the control sample. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed predominant beta-(1 -> 4) and beta-(1 -> 6) glycosidic linkages of the gums and lecithin. Sensory evaluation revealed a comparable score of gum-added milk chocolate in comparison to control samples in terms of taste, texture, color, and overall acceptance. Thus, plant exudate gums could be an excellent alternative to lecithin in milk chocolate, which can enhance the textural properties and shelf life.
dc.description.sponsorshipIFKSUOR3-430-6 [IFKSUOR3-430-6]; Deputyship for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors extend their appreciation to Deputyship for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research (IFKSUOR3-430-6).
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/fsn3.4051
dc.identifier.endpage3934
dc.identifier.issn2048-7177
dc.identifier.issue6
dc.identifier.pmid38873482
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85187434891
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/A
dc.identifier.startpage3920
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4051
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13099/2407
dc.identifier.volume12
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001181745200001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofFood Science & Nutrition
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250316
dc.subjectchocolate
dc.subjectguar gum
dc.subjectlecithin
dc.subjectplant gums
dc.subjectpolysaccharide
dc.titleAn approach to manufacturing well-being milk chocolate in partial replacement of lecithin by the functional plant-based combination
dc.typeArticle

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