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Öğe Novel Schiff Base Sulfonate Derivatives as Carbonic Anhydrase and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Molecular Docking Insights(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2025) Yasar, Umit; Demir, Yeliz; Gonul, Ilyas; Ozaslan, Muhammet Serhat; Celik, Gizem Gumusgoz; Turkes, Cuneyt; Beydemir, SukruSulfonate derivatives are an essential class of compounds with diverse pharmacological applications. This study presents the synthesis and detailed characterization of six novel Schiff base sulfonate derivatives (L1-L6) through spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR and NMR). Their inhibitory potential was evaluated against human carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes (hCA I and hCA II) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which are crucial therapeutic targets for diseases such as glaucoma, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's disease. The KI values for the compounds concerning AChE, hCA I, and hCA II enzymes were in the ranges of 106.10 +/- 14.73 to 422.80 +/- 17.64 nM (THA: 159.61 +/- 8.41 nM), 116.90 +/- 24.40 to 268.00 +/- 35.84 nM (AAZ: 439.17 +/- 9.30 nM), and 177.00 +/- 35.03 to 435.20 +/- 75.98 nM (AAZ: 98.28 +/- 1.69 nM), respectively. Molecular docking analyses revealed key interactions within the active sites of the enzymes, including hydrogen bonding with critical residues and pi-pi stacking interactions. Notably, L3 demonstrated superior inhibition against hCA I (KI: 116.90 +/- 24.40 nM) and AChE (KI: 106.10 +/- 14.73 nM), positioning it as a promising lead compound. This comprehensive investigation contributes to the development of isoform-specific inhibitors for therapeutic use and provides valuable insights into their binding mechanisms. The findings underscore the potential of Schiff base sulfonates as scaffolds in drug discovery for neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders.Öğe Onosma rutila (Boraginaceae) Plant Extract: Chemical Composition, Biological Analysis, and Film Forming Potential With Polymers(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2025) Binzet, Riza; Binzet, Gun; Turunc, Ersan; Cevik, Pinar Kuce; Demir, Didem; Arslan, HakanThis study aimed to integrate the ethanolic extract obtained from the aerial parts of endemic Onosma rutila as a new bioactive ingredient into polymeric films and to produce biofunctional composite thin films for use in biomedical applications. Initially, the definition of the plant extract was carried out in terms of chemical composition and biological activities. The main component of the extract was revealed as 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (15.90%). Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against a total of five microorganisms by the well diffusion method and microdilution technique. MIC99 results showed the lowest inhibition against Candida albicans, suggesting a stronger antifungal effect than antibacterial activity. Also, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity of O. rutila, ascorbic acid, and butylated hydroxytoluene at 500 mu g/mL showed values of 87.63, 90.13, and 46.82%, respectively. In the next phase, the extract, which was revealed to be an effective biological agent, was incorporated into the polymer solutions prepared based on chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol at different ratios to produce a series of thin films. For application purposes, the thin films' chemical compositions, water retention capacities, and morphological properties were determined and their potential for use as wound dressing material was evaluated.Öğe THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COVID-19 PERCEIVED RISK AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS COVID-19 VACCINATION IN HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS: AN EXAMPLE OF EASTERN TURKEY(Medicinska Naklada, 2021) Sonmez, Tugce; Yarah, Suheyla; Turan, Gulcan BahceciogluBacground: This study aimed to examine the relationship between COVID-19 perceived risk and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare professionals. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study included a total of 580 healthcare professionals. Results: The healthcare professionals' COVID-19 Perceived Risk Scale (CPRS) and Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccine Scale (ATV-COVID-19) mean scores were 31.3615.16 and 3.0010.61, respectively. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between their CPRS and ATV-COVID-19 mean scores. Conclusions: The healthcare professionals had a high COVID-19 perceived risk and moderately positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine.Öğe Analyzing the effect of data preprocessing techniques using machine learning algorithms on the diagnosis of COVID-19(Wiley, 2022) Erol, Gizemnur; Uzbas, Betul; Yucelbas, Cuneyt; Yucelbas, SuleReal-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) known as the swab test is a diagnostic test that can diagnose COVID-19 disease through respiratory samples in the laboratory. Due to the rapid spread of the coronavirus around the world, the RT-PCR test has become insufficient to get fast results. For this reason, the need for diagnostic methods to fill this gap has arisen and machine learning studies have started in this area. On the other hand, studying medical data is a challenging area because the data it contains is inconsistent, incomplete, difficult to scale, and very large. Additionally, some poor clinical decisions, irrelevant parameters, and limited medical data adversely affect the accuracy of studies performed. Therefore, considering the availability of datasets containing COVID-19 blood parameters, which are less in number than other medical datasets today, it is aimed to improve these existing datasets. In this direction, to obtain more consistent results in COVID-19 machine learning studies, the effect of data preprocessing techniques on the classification of COVID-19 data was investigated in this study. In this study primarily, encoding categorical feature and feature scaling processes were applied to the dataset with 15 features that contain blood data of 279 patients, including gender and age information. Then, the missingness of the dataset was eliminated by using both K-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) and chain equations multiple value assignment (MICE) methods. Data balancing has been done with synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE), which is a data balancing method. The effect of data preprocessing techniques on ensemble learning algorithms bagging, AdaBoost, random forest and on popular classifier algorithms KNN classifier, support vector machine, logistic regression, artificial neural network, and decision tree classifiers have been analyzed. The highest accuracies obtained with the bagging classifier were 83.42% and 83.74% with KNN and MICE imputations by applying SMOTE, respectively. On the other hand, the highest accuracy ratio reached with the same classifier without SMOTE was 83.91% for the KNN imputation. In conclusion, certain data preprocessing techniques are examined comparatively and the effect of these data preprocessing techniques on success is presented and the importance of the right combination of data preprocessing to achieve success has been demonstrated by experimental studies.Öğe Exploration of nutritional, pharmacological, and the processing trends for valorization of finger millet (Eleusine coracana): A review(Wiley, 2023) Kalsi, Rhythm; Bhasin, Jasleen; Goksen, Gulden; Kashyap, PiyushHigh nutrient variability and food security are the needs of the hour. Millets may be as effective as other cereal crops for dealing with severe malnutrition and increasing global population problems. Due to their physiologically active components, millets have attracted more research interest. Finger millet (FM), one of the climate-resilient and minor cereal crop species, is well known for several health benefits, primarily attributed to its nutritional value and polyphenolic content. FM seed coat phenolics exhibit excellent anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, anti-osteoporosis, wound healing, anti-lithiatic, inhibiting collagen glycation, cross-linking, and enzyme properties, which may serve well for the pharmacological purposes. Furthermore, the processing of FM is an important factor in its commercial use. It is necessary to invent some novel technologies to increase the productivity of FM by lowering the cost of processing and its effective utilization in the pharmaceutical and food industries. The literature presented will further explore the potential prospects of processing as well as value-added utilization and its nutritional and pharmacological aspects in view of initiating further research in the food industry to formulate ready-to-eat and ready-to-cook products, thereby acting as future crops for sustainability.Öğe Weakly Solvating Cyclic Ether-Based Deep Eutectic Electrolytes for Stable High-Temperature Lithium Metal Batteries(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2025) Yang, Yanru; Li, Qin; Li, Huan; Ruan, Jiafeng; Wang, Fengmei; Li, Ziyue; Yang, JinyuDeep eutectic electrolytes (DEE) have emerged as an innovative approach to address the instability and safety issues of lithium metal batteries at elevated temperatures. However, in practice, there is often an undesirable incompatibility between the eutectic mixture and electrodes, and also an insufficient reduction stability of DEE due to the increased Li+ concentration. Herein, we designed a new DEE by utilizing weakly solvating tetrahydropyran (THP) solvent. Due to the high reduction resistance of THP and concentrated lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), this DEE demonstrates enhanced compatibility with Li metal anode and high temperature tolerance with LiMn2O4 cathode. The LiÖğe Effect of Aloe vera and carboxymethyl cellulose-derived binary blend edible coating on the shelf life of fresh-cut apple(Wiley, 2023) Tosif, Mansuri M.; Bains, Aarti; Dhull, Sanju Bala; Chawla, Prince; Goksen, GuldenIn recent years, the demand and market for minimally processed fruits are increasing worldwide. Fresh-cut apples are extremely sensitive to environmental factors including oxygen, temperature, and microorganisms in resulting the browning of apples. Therefore, in this study, different concentration of blended edible-coating solution was prepared using Aloe vera and carboxymethyl cellulose (1:1, 1:2, 2:1, 3:3, 3:2, 4:2, 2:4, 3:4, and 4:3, respectively). Lease particle size (101.74 +/- 0.67 nm) of the coating solution was observed with 3% A. vera and 2% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Afterward, the shelf life of the apples was evaluated for 10 days at refrigeration condition. Results showed that a significant difference was found in weight loss of coated (6.42%-10.26%) and uncoated apples (8.12%-15.32%) for 2-10 days. Moreover, the titrable acidity of the cut apples increased during the storage time. Rheological data emerged that the viscosity of the coating solution decreases with the increasing temperature from 0 to 50 degrees C. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy data confirmed the presence of hydroxyl group (-OH), C=O, C-O, and N-H banding in the A. vera, CMC, and blend-coating solution. The blend solution indicated excellent antimicrobial efficiency. Total phenolic content of coated and uncoated apples at 0 day was 737.55 mg GAE kg(-1) for uncoated and 717.88 mg GAE kg(-1), respectively. Whereas, aerobic and psychrotrophic bacteria counts for edible coated apples significantly lower than control apples. For coated apples, aerobic and psychrotrophic bacteria counts were 1.59 +/- 0.84 and 1.25 +/- 0.49 log CFU g(-1) were 4.26 +/- 0.67 and 2.68 +/- 0.22 log CFU g(-1) at 10th day, respectively. Overall, it can be inferred that blend of A. vera and carboxymethyl cellulose could be used as a nontoxic potential anti-browning and antimicrobial component for the enhancement of the shelf life and additional nutritional value of fresh-cut apples.Öğe A new application of avocado oil to enrich the biological activities of polycaprolactone membranes for tissue engineering(Wiley, 2024) Yurtsever, Merve Capkin; Aydogan, Selin; Iyigundogdu, Zeynep; Comertpay, Alican; Demir, Didem; Ceylan, SedaThe metabolites synthesized by plants to protect themselves serves as natural antimicrobial agents used in biomaterials. In this study, avocado oil (AO), was incorporated as a plant source and natural antimicrobial agent into polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes. The effects of varying AO ratios (25, 50, and 100 wt%.-PCL@25AO, PCL@50AO, PCL@100AO) on PCL membrane morphology, chemical structure, wettability, antimicrobial activity, and cell viabilities were investigated. It was demonstrated that the AO acts as a pore-forming agent in solvent-casted membranes. Young's modulus of the membranes varied between 602.68 and 31.92 MPa and more flexible membranes were obtained with increasing AO content. Inhibition zones of AO were recorded between 7.86 and 13.97 mm against clinically relevant microbial strains including bacteria, yeast, and fungi. Antimicrobial activity of AO was retained in PCL membranes at all ratios. Resazurin assay indicated that PCL@25AO membranes were cytocompatible with mouse fibroblast cells (L929 cell line) on day 6 showing 72.4% cell viability with respect to neat PCL membranes. Viability results were supported by scanning electron microscopy images and DAPI staining. The overall results of this study highlight the potential of PCL@25AO membranes as a biomaterial with antimicrobial properties, cytocompatibility, and mechanical strength suitable for various biomedical applications. imageÖğe Reviewing on AI-Designed Antibiotic Targeting Drug-Resistant Superbugs by Emphasizing Mechanisms of Action(Wiley, 2025) Yonden, Zafer; Reshadi, Samira; Hayati, Ahmad Farrokh; Hooshiar, Mohammad Hossein; Ghasemi, Sholeh; Yonden, Hakan; Daemi, AminThe emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, often referred to as superbugs, poses a profound and escalating challenge to global health systems, surpassing the capabilities of traditional antibiotic discovery methods. As resistance mechanisms evolve rapidly, the need for innovative solutions has never been more critical. This review delves into the transformative role of AI-driven methodologies in antibiotic development, particularly in targeting drug-resistant bacterial strains (DRSBs), with an emphasis on understanding their mechanisms of action. AI algorithms have revolutionized the antibiotic discovery process by efficiently collecting, analyzing, and modeling complex datasets to predict both the effectiveness of potential antibiotics and the mechanisms of bacterial resistance. These computational advancements enable researchers to identify promising antibiotic candidates with unique mechanisms that effectively bypass conventional resistance pathways. By specifically targeting critical bacterial processes or disrupting essential cellular components, these AI-designed antibiotics offer robust solutions for combating even the most resilient bacterial strains. The application of AI in antibiotic design represents a paradigm shift, enabling the rapid and precise identification of novel compounds with tailored mechanisms of action. This approach not only accelerates the drug development timeline but also enhances the precision of targeting superbugs, significantly improving therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of these AI-designed antibiotics is crucial for optimizing their clinical efficacy and devising proactive strategies to prevent the emergence of further resistance. AI-driven antibiotic discovery is poised to play a pivotal role in the global fight against antimicrobial resistance. By leveraging the power of artificial intelligence, researchers are opening new frontiers in the development of effective treatments, ensuring a proactive and sustainable response to the growing threat of drug-resistant bacteria.Öğe Ultrasound-modified whey protein-enriched instant noodles: Enhancement in functional, rheological, cooking, and structural attributes(Wiley, 2024) Khatkar, Anju Boora; Kaur, Amarjeet; Dhull, Sanju Bala; Khatkar, Sunil Kumar; Mehta, Nitin; Kaur, Jaspreet; Goksen, GuldenInstant noodles enriched with ultrasound-modified whey protein (WP) were characterized for physical, technological, rheological, cooking, thermal, in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD), morphological, and sensory attributes to access the compatibility of ultrasound for actual food matrix. Semolina with sonicated WP (SWP) showed significantly (p < .05) higher water absorption capacity (1.586 g/g) than semolina with raw WP (1.512 g/g). Semolina with SWP also showed a significantly higher water solubility index, oil binding, and firmer gel, even at 5% concentration. The addition of SWP positively impacted pasting properties and improved dough handling, as also supported by the constantly increasing storage (G ') and loss (G '') modulus. SWP significantly decreased the cooking loss (7.48%) and considerably increased cooking weight (13.80%), water uptake ratio (14.35%), noodle diameter, expansion (4.47%), hardness, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness of instant noodles. Thus, the instant noodles containing SWP imparted high resistance to tear and wear to noodle strands. The improved thermal, IVPD (90.46%), and acceptability with excellent structural (morphology) integrity authenticate SWP as a quality protein source for enrichment.Öğe Imparting of Nearly Superparamagnetic Properties to Cryogel Scaffolds With Mesoporous MNPs for Magneto-Sensitive Tissue Engineering Strategies(Wiley, 2024) Demir, Didem; Ulusal, Fatma; Ulusal, Hasan; Ceylan, Seda; Dagli, Sibel; Ozdemir, Nalan; Tarakcioglu, MehmetThis work reports the assembly of mesoporous iron oxide nanoparticles (meso-MNPs) with cryogel scaffolds composed of chitosan and gelatin. Meso-MNPs with a particle size ranging from 2 and 50 nm, a surface area of 140.52 m2 g-1, and a pore volume of 0.27 cm3 g-1 were synthesized on a porous SiO2 template in the presence of PEG 6000 followed by leaching of SiO2. Different ratios of meso-MNPs were successfully incorporated into chitosan:gelatin cryogels up to an amount equivalent to the entire amount of polymer. The morphological structure and physicochemical properties of the cryogels were directly affected by the amount of MNPs. VSM curves showed that all composite cryogels could be magnetized by applying a magnetic field. In the context of the safety of magnetic cryogel scaffolds for use in biomedicine, it is important to note that all values are below the exposure limit for static magnetic fields, and according to cytotoxicity data, scaffolds containing meso-MNPs showed nontoxicity with cell viability ranging from 150% to 275%. In addition, microbial analysis with gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria showed that the scaffolds exhibited activity against these bacteria. imageÖğe An approach to manufacturing well-being milk chocolate in partial replacement of lecithin by the functional plant-based combination(Wiley, 2024) Patel, Harshvardhan; Bains, Aarti; Sridhar, Kandi; Ali, Nemat; Najda, Agnieszka; Tosif, Mansuri M.; Dhull, Sanju BalaLecithin is constituted of a glycerophospholipid mixture and is abundantly used as an emulsifying agent in various food applications including chocolate production. However, overconsumption of lecithin may create an adverse effect on human health. Thus, this study aims to replace the lecithin with plant-based gums. Different ratios of guar and arabic gum (25%-75%) and their blend (25%-75%) were employed as partial replacement of lecithin. Milk chocolate prepared using 40% guar gum (60GGL [guar gum, lecithin]), 25% arabic gum (75AGL [arabic gum, lecithin]), and a blend of 15 arabic gum and 10 guar gum (65AGGL [arabic gum, guar gum, lecithin]) showed similar rheological behavior as compared to control chocolate (100% lecithin). The fat content of 65AGGL (37.85%) was significantly lower than that of the control sample (43.37%). Rheological behavior exhibited shear-thinning behavior and samples (60GGL-75GGL-80GGL, 65AGL-75AGL, and 65AGGL-75AGGL) showed similar rheological properties as compared to control. The chocolate samples (60GGL and 65AGGL) showed significantly (p < .05) higher hardness values (86.01 and 83.55 N) than the control (79.95 N). As well, gum-added chocolates exhibited higher thermal stability up to 660(degrees)C as compared to the control sample. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed predominant beta-(1 -> 4) and beta-(1 -> 6) glycosidic linkages of the gums and lecithin. Sensory evaluation revealed a comparable score of gum-added milk chocolate in comparison to control samples in terms of taste, texture, color, and overall acceptance. Thus, plant exudate gums could be an excellent alternative to lecithin in milk chocolate, which can enhance the textural properties and shelf life.Öğe Bioactive polysaccharides from Aegle marmelos fruit: Recent trends on extraction, bio-techno functionality, and food applications(Wiley, 2024) Sharma, Madhu; Bains, Aarti; Goksen, Gulden; Sridhar, Kandi; Sharma, Minaxi; Khaneghah, Amin Mousavi; Chawla, PrincePolysaccharides from non-conventional sources, such as fruits, have gained significant attention recently. Aegle marmelos (Bael), a non-conventional fruit, is an excellent source of biologically active components with potential indigenous therapeutic and food applications. Apart from polyphenolic components, this is an excellent source of mucilaginous polysaccharides. Polysaccharides are one the major components of bael fruit, having a high amount of galactose and glucuronic acid, which contributes to its potential therapeutic properties. Therefore, this review emphasizes the conventional and emerging techniques of polysaccharide extraction from bael fruit. Insight into the attributes of polysaccharide components, their techno-functional properties, characterization of bael fruit polysaccharide, emulsifying properties, binding properties, reduction of hazardous dyes, application of polysaccharides in film formation, application of polysaccharide as a nanocomposite, and biological activities of bael fruit polysaccharides are discussed. This review also systematically overviews the relationship between extraction techniques, structural characteristics, and biological activities. Additionally, recommendations, future perspectives, and new valuable insight towards better utilization of bael fruit polysaccharide have been given importance, which can be promoted in the long term.Öğe New value chain Pentadesma nuts and butter from West Africa to international markets: Biological activities, health benefits, and physicochemical properties(Wiley, 2024) Chabi, Ifagbemi Bienvenue; Aissi, Midimahu Vahid; Zannou, Oscar; Kpoclou, Yenoukounme E.; Ayegnon, Bernolde Paul; Badoussi, Marius Eric; Ballogou, Venerande Y.The tallow or butter tree (Pentadesma butyracea Sabine) is a ligneous forest species of multipurpose use largely distributed in Sub-Sahara Africa. Owing to the biological properties of different parts of the tree and physicochemical properties, as well as the numerous benefits of its fruits, research on P. butyracea products, especially kernels and butter, has now gained more interest. Thus, the scientific literature revealed that Pentadesma butter is a more promising product with good physical and technological characteristics. It is traditionally preferred in households for food, medicine, and cosmetic use. Apart from the fruits, all other parts of the butter tree are used by local communities in folk medicine. The existing studies indicated that P. butyracea contains valuable health-promoting compounds such as phenolic compounds, vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids. P. butyracea and derived products have antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiplasmodial, antitumor, estrogenic, anti-androgenic, and cholesterol-regulative effects. Since studies on the biological properties of the tree parts, nutritional composition, and physicochemical properties of food products from the tree have been very limited, this review attempts to summarize some results from recent investigations. Our intention in the present review was to give an overview of the biological activities of plants and an account of the potential properties of Pentadesma products (pulp, kernels, and butter) and outline the way for future relevant research to improve their state of knowledge.Öğe Extraction, characterization, and utilization of mung bean starch as an edible coating material for papaya fruit shelf-life enhancement(Wiley, 2024) Sharma, Madhu; Bains, Aarti; Dhull, Sanju Bala; Chawla, Prince; Goksen, Gulden; Ali, NematThis research was aimed to investigate the utilization of mung bean starch as an innovative edible coating material to enhance the shelf-life of cut papaya fruits. The study focused on the extraction process of mung bean starch and its subsequent characterization through various analyses. Particle size (142.3 +/- 1.24 nm), zeta potential (-25.52 +/- 1.02 mV), morphological images, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and thermal stability (68.36 +/- 0.15 degrees C) were assessed to determine the mung bean starch properties. The functional properties, such as bulk density (0.51 +/- 0.004 g/cm3) and tapped density (0.62 +/- 0.010 g/cm3), angle of repose (21.61 degrees), swelling power (12.26 +/- 0.25%), and minimum gelation concentration (4.01 +/- 1.25%), were examined to detect its potential as a coating base material. Subsequently, the prepared mung bean starch coating solution (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%) was applied to papaya fruits and the coated fruits' physicochemical characteristics evaluated during storage. These characteristics encompassed color, weight loss, pH shifts, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, vitamin C content, fruit firmness, microbial analysis, and sensory attributes. The results revealed that starch coating on papaya maintained its color, reduced weight loss, preserved vitamin C, and delayed firmness loss, enhancing shelf-life when compared to control sample. These findings demonstrated the effectiveness of mung bean starch coatings in preserving papaya fruits. The research made a significant contribution to the use of mung bean starch as a potential coating material for improving the shelf-life of papaya fruits. This finding has great promise for the field of food preservation and quality control. This research was aimed to investigate the utilization of mung bean starch as an innovative edible coating material to enhance the shelf-life of cut papaya fruits. The study focused on the extraction process of mung bean starch and its subsequent characterization through various analyses. The research made a significant contribution to the use of mung bean starch as a potential coating material for improving the shelf-life of papaya fruits.imageÖğe A comprehensive review on nutritional interventions and nutritive elements: Strengthening immunity for effective defense mechanism during pandemic(Wiley, 2024) Prasad, Sonal; Pandey, Vinay Kumar; Singh, Kunal; Shams, Rafeeya; Singh, Rahul; Goksen, GuldenThe pandemic has brought attention to the importance of a healthy immune system in preventing infectious diseases. In this in-depth review, the process by which nutritional interventions and fundamental nutrients affect immune function has been discussed with the goal of enhancing the body's natural defenses against viral infections. We explored the complex interplay between diet and immunology, highlighting the essential nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive substances that are crucial for enhancing immune response. We also investigated the effect of dietary patterns and supplementation methods on immune function. We assessed the effectiveness and potential mechanisms of action of various nutritional therapies in modifying immune responses through a thorough examination of scientific literature. Additionally, we go through the significance of individualized nutrition and highlight possible factors to consider for vulnerable groups, such as the elderly and people with chronic conditions. This review attempts to provide a thorough understanding of the role of diet in boosting immunity by synthesizing available research. It also offers insights into practical methods for enhancing the immune function during the current epidemic and in the future. The phase of pandemic has brought attention to how important a healthy immune system is in preventing infectious diseases. In this in-depth review, the process that how nutritional interventions and fundamental nutrients affect immune function has been mentioned with the goal of enhancing the body's natural defenses against viral infections.imageÖğe Effect of storage on the physicochemical, rheological, antioxidant activity, and sensory properties of soy whey-fortified pineapple juice beverages(Wiley, 2024) Rather, Jahangir A.; Punoo, Hilal Ahmad; Akhter, Najmeenah; Muzzaffar, Sabeera; Khanday, Firdous Ahmad; Goksen, GuldenIncorporating soy whey into pineapple juice can enhance nutritional and nutraceutical potential. The present study was conducted to develop soy whey-fortified pineapple juice beverage and impact of ambient storage conditions on physicochemical, antioxidant, rheological, and sensory properties of functional beverage. Increasing the storage period decreased pH from 4.1 to 3.7 for control and 4.0 to 3.8 for soy whey-treated samples. TSS increased from 8.3 to 10.6 on 0th day for control and soy whey-treated beverage samples while on the 30th day, the TSS ranged from 8.9 to 11.1 degrees B. Up to 30% soy whey incorporation, the DPPH, reducing power, and ABTS of beverages increased from 5.58%-57.01%, 56.35%-56.90%, and 4.84%-47.01%, respectively. The flow index (n) of the beverage formulations ranged between 0.4758 and 0.6521, and the yield stress between 0.018 and 0.025 Pa, hence showing Herschel-Bulkley character. With the increase in concentration and storage period, both G ' and G '' values decreased considerably (p < .05). The standard plate and yeast and mold count decreased considerably with an increase in soy whey and increased with an increase in storage. The sensory score of the beverages up to 30% soy whey exhibited best sensory score results compared to control and samples with 30% above soy whey content.Öğe Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity study of cerium oxide nanoparticles with two different sizes(Wiley, 2023) Yefimova, Svetlana; Klochkov, Vladimir; Kavok, Nataliya; Tkachenko, Anton; Onishchenko, Anatolii; Chumachenko, Tatyana; Dizge, NadirThe control over bacterial diseases requires the development of novel antibacterial agents. The use of antibacterial nanomedicines is one of the strategies to tackle antibiotic resistance. The study was designed to assess the antimicrobial activity of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NP) of two different sizes (CeO2 NP1 [1-2 nm] and CeO2 NP2 [10-12 nm]) and their cytotoxicity towards eukaryotic cells. The antimicrobial activity, effects of nanoparticles on DNA cleavage, microbial cell viability, and biofilm formation inhibition were analyzed. The impact of cerium oxide nanoparticles on eryptosis of erythrocytes was estimated using annexin V staining by flow cytometry. The newly synthesized CeO2 NP1 and CeO2 NP2 displayed moderate antimicrobial activities. CeO2 NP1 and CeO2 NP2 exhibited single-strand DNA cleavage ability. CeO2 NPs were found to show 100% microbial cell viability inhibition at a concentration of 500 mg/L. In addition, CeO2 NP1 and CeO2 NP2 inhibited the biofilm formation of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Larger cerium oxide nanoparticles were found to be less toxic against erythrocytes compared with the smaller ones. CeO2 nanoparticles demonstrate moderate antimicrobial activity and low cytotoxicity towards erythrocytes, which make them promising antibacterial agents.Öğe Psychobiotics for Mitigation of Neuro-Degenerative Diseases: Recent Advancements(Wiley, 2024) Dhyani, Priya; Goyal, Chhaya; Dhull, Sanju Bala; Chauhan, Anil Kumar; Saharan, Baljeet Singh; Harshita; Duhan, Joginder SinghAgeing is inevitable and poses a universal challenge for all living organisms, including humans. The human body experiences rapid cell division and metabolism until approximately 25 years of age, after which the accumulation of metabolic by-products and cellular damage leads to age-related diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases are of concern due to their irreversible nature, lack of effective treatment, and impact on society and the economy. Researchers are interested in finding drugs that can effectively alleviate ageing and age-related diseases without side-effects. Psychobiotics are a novel class of probiotic organisms and prebiotic interventions that confer mental health benefits to the host when taken appropriately. Psychobiotic strains affect functions related to the central nervous system (CNS) and behaviors mediated by the Gut-Brain-Axis (GBA) through various pathways. There is an increasing interest in researchers of these microbial-based psychopharmaceuticals. Psychobiotics have been reported to reduce neuronal ageing, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cortisol levels; increase synaptic plasticity and levels of neurotransmitters and antioxidants. The present review focuses on the manifestation of elderly neurodegenerative and mental disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and depression, and the current status of their potential alleviation through psychobiotic interventions, highlighting their possible mechanisms of action. Psychobiotics represent a category of probiotics that exert positive effects on mental health by influencing the Gut-Brain-Axis. Their mechanism involves modulation of the immune system, hypothalamic-pituitary-axis, and neurotransmitter production. In this review, the impact of different psychobiotics on mental well-being is explored and also their potential as an alternative therapy for neurodegenerative and mental disorders. imageÖğe Development and Characterization of Potato Starch-Pectin-Based Active Films Enriched With Juniper Berry Essential Oil for Food Packaging Applications(Wiley, 2025) Bhatia, Saurabh; Jawad, Muhammad; Chinnam, Sampath; Al-Harrasi, Ahmed; Shah, Yasir Abbas; Khan, Talha Shireen; Al-Azri, Mohammed SaidThe increasing demand for sustainable food packaging has driven the development of films based on biopolymers. However, enhancing their functional properties remains a challenge. In the current study, potato starch-pectin (PSP) composite films were fabricated and enriched with juniper berry essential oil (JBEO) to improve their physicochemical properties. The effects of incorporating different concentrations of JBEO (0.1%-1% v/v) on various properties of PSP-based films were evaluated, including surface color, transparency, barrier properties, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis (TGA and DTA), antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial effectiveness. Increasing the level of JBEO led to a significant decrease in the moisture content, film transparency, and mechanical attributes, while an increase in thickness, water permeability, and film elongation was observed. SEM analysis also revealed morphological properties such as some spherical, bubble-like configuration and cracks on the surface due to an increase in JBEO concentration. TGA and DTA revealed lower weight loss in the initial cycles due to the addition of JBEO, and the thermal stability of the films improved. The antioxidant assays revealed a concentration-dependent increase in the radical scavenging capacity of the films from 11.31% to 17.28% for DPPH and from 3.06% to 25.53% for ABTS. Moreover, significant antibacterial and antifungal activity of the bioactive films was observed against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and C. albicans. These findings suggest that JBEO enhances the functional properties of PSP films, making them suitable for active food packaging applications.
