Alcan, VeyselHarputlu, ErsanÜnlü, Cumhur GökhanOcakoğlu, KasımZinnuroğlu, Murat2023-08-182023-08-182022Alcan V., Harputlu E., Ünlü C.G., Ocakoğlu K., Zinnuroğlu M. (2022). Investigation of graphene-coated Ag/AgCl electrode performance in surface electromyography measurement. Biosensors and Bioelectronics: X. 11. 1-7.https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13099/166Conventional silver-silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes are widely used for recording surface electromyography (sEMG) with a conductive gel. However, for long-term sEMG recording, the gel has some disadvantages that cause high impedance. Therefore, the dry electrodes have been alternatively purposed to overcome these disadvantages. Recently, the nanomaterial-based dry electrodes have been developed for long term electrophysiological signal recording. In the present study, we aimed to develop a graphene-coated Ag/AgCl electrode for long-term recording. We transferred single layer graphene (SLG) on the Ag/AgCl electrode surface by using chemical vapor deposition and confirmed this process by Raman scattering spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. We then compared the graphene-coated Ag/AgCl and conventional Ag/AgCl electrodes by evaluating median motor nerve conduction studies (mNCS) and their impedance. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) for the Ag/AgCl electrode (4170 Ω) was much higher than graphene-coated Ag/AgCl electrode (Rct = 24.6 Ω). For median mNCS measurements without gel, the graphene-coated Ag/AgCl electrode provided a better amplitude of distal and proximal compound muscle action potential (28.3 mV and 25.8 mV, respectively) than the Ag/AgCl electrode (21.8 mV and 20.9 mV, respectively). Consequently, the present study suggests promising results in terms of the usability of graphene-coated Ag/AgCl electrodes for long-term monitoring and wearable systems applications of sEMG. In future studies, we aim to investigate clinical applicability of graphene-coated sEMG electrodes that include extended clinical settings and larger study population.enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSurface electromyographyGrapheneNanomaterialSensorElectrodeNerve conduction studiesBiopotentialgraphenenanomaterialAg/AgCl electrodesBiopotentialsConductive gelsDry electrodeElectrode performanceHigh impedanceMotor-nerve conductionNerve conduction studySilver-silver chlorideSurface electromyographyArticlechemical vapor depositionelectrophysiologyhumanimpedance analysismotor nerve conductionmuscle action potentialnerve conductionRaman spectrometryscanning electron microscopysurface electromyographyGraphenearticlehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosx.2022.1001931117Q22-s2.0-85134659680