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    Multibranched flower-like ZnO anchored on pectin/cellulose nanofiber aerogel skeleton for enhanced comprehensive antibacterial capabilities
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Wu, Weina; Zhou, Ying; Pan, Jiefeng; Wu, Yingying; Goksen, Gulden; Shao, Ping
    In this study, F-ZnO NPs were used as antibacterial agents, mussel bionic dopamine exerted its adhesive action to immobilize F-ZnO NPs on the pectin/CNF aerogel skeleton. Fruit and vegetable antimicrobial mats with safety, long duration of action and high efficiency were prepared and its potential application has been investigated. The results showed that a dopamine layer was deposited on the surface of the CNF, which promoted the tight adhesion of the F-ZnO NPs to the aerogel skeleton. The F-ZnO@D-CNF aerogel exhibited a slow release of zinc ions, with the first two days being 0.40 +/- 0.16 and 1.01 +/- 0.13 mg/mL. The aerogel was light, can stand on the petals without collapsing, has regular and uniform pore structure, good tensile/compressive properties and high antibacterial/anti-fungal properties. Strawberries packaged with F-ZnO@D-CNF aerogel exhibited an extended shelf life of 5 days. Additionally, the strawberries maintained a soluble solid content of 6.9 +/- 0.82 % and a Vc content of 44.67 +/- 3.51 mg/100 g. The weight loss, color and firmness were also notably superior to the other four groups. The final concentration of zinc ions in strawberries was 3.71 +/- 0.28 mu g/g, which is far below the recommended dietary intake.
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    Multifunctional pectin films based on mussel-inspired modified 2D Ag nanosheets for long-lasting antibacterial and enhanced barrier properties
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Zhou, Ying; Wu, Weina; Wang, Lixia; Goksen, Gulden; Shao, Ping
    Two-dimensional (2D) silver (Ag) nanosheets are ideal fillers to improve the barrier and antimicrobial properties of bio-based nanocomposite films for food packaging due to their high aspect ratio features and superior bactericidal activity. However, the nano-Ag directly added to the matrix is prone to aggregation, which will weaken its effect. In this study, Ag nanosheets were surface non-covalently functionalized with polydopamine (PDA) formed by dopamine oxidative self-polymerization. The PDA modification improved the dispersibility and biocompatibility of the nanosheets in pectin matrixes and immobilized them, delaying their release rate. The potential of the prepared pectin-based nanocomposite film in food packaging was investigated. Results showed that the composite film containing PDA-modified Ag nanosheets (PDA@Ag) had superior UV resistance and mechanical properties, a more hydrophobic surface with a water contact angle close to 90 degrees. Compared with pure pectin film, the barrier capacity of the film to both water vapor and oxygen was significantly improved. It also exhibited excellent bactericidal efficiency against E. coli and S. aureus. When applied to Agaricus bisporus, the film effectively protected them from UV light, oxygen and microorganisms, thus delaying browning and spoilage, maintaining their texture, color and nutrients, and extended their freshness period up to 6 days.