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    Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity study of cerium oxide nanoparticles with two different sizes
    (Wiley, 2023) Yefimova, Svetlana; Klochkov, Vladimir; Kavok, Nataliya; Tkachenko, Anton; Onishchenko, Anatolii; Chumachenko, Tatyana; Dizge, Nadir
    The control over bacterial diseases requires the development of novel antibacterial agents. The use of antibacterial nanomedicines is one of the strategies to tackle antibiotic resistance. The study was designed to assess the antimicrobial activity of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NP) of two different sizes (CeO2 NP1 [1-2 nm] and CeO2 NP2 [10-12 nm]) and their cytotoxicity towards eukaryotic cells. The antimicrobial activity, effects of nanoparticles on DNA cleavage, microbial cell viability, and biofilm formation inhibition were analyzed. The impact of cerium oxide nanoparticles on eryptosis of erythrocytes was estimated using annexin V staining by flow cytometry. The newly synthesized CeO2 NP1 and CeO2 NP2 displayed moderate antimicrobial activities. CeO2 NP1 and CeO2 NP2 exhibited single-strand DNA cleavage ability. CeO2 NPs were found to show 100% microbial cell viability inhibition at a concentration of 500 mg/L. In addition, CeO2 NP1 and CeO2 NP2 inhibited the biofilm formation of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Larger cerium oxide nanoparticles were found to be less toxic against erythrocytes compared with the smaller ones. CeO2 nanoparticles demonstrate moderate antimicrobial activity and low cytotoxicity towards erythrocytes, which make them promising antibacterial agents.
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    Antimicrobial Effects of Nanostructured Rare-Earth-Based Orthovanadates
    (Springer, 2022) Gonca, Serpil; Yefimova, Svetlana; Dizge, Nadir; Tkachenko, Anton; Ozdemir, Sadin; Prokopiuk, Volodymyr; Klochkov, Vladimir
    The search for novel antimicrobial agents is of huge importance. Nanomaterials can come to the rescue in this case. The aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial effects of rare-earth-based orthovanadate nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity against host cells and antimicrobial activity of LaVO4:Eu3+ and GdVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles were analyzed. Effects of nanomaterials on fibroblasts were assessed by MTT, neutral red uptake and scratch assays. The antimicrobial effects were evaluated by the micro-dilution method estimating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of nanoparticles against various strains of microorganisms, DNA cleavage and biofilm inhibition. GdVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles were found to be less toxic against eukaryotic cells compared with LaVO4:Eu3+. Both nanoparticles exhibited antimicrobial activity and the highest MIC values were 64 mg/L for E. hirae, E. faecalis and S. aureus shown by GdVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles. Nanoparticles demonstrated good DNA cleavage activity and induction of double-strand breaks in supercoiled plasmid DNA even at the lowest concentrations used. Both nanoparticles showed the biofilm inhibition activity against S. aureus at 500 mg/L and reduced the microbial cell viability. Taken the results of host toxicity and antimicrobial activity studies, it can be assumed that GdVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles are more promising antibacterial agents compared with LaVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles.
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    Öğe
    Experimental confirmation of antimicrobial effects of GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Gonca, Serpil; Ozdemir, Sadin; Yefimova, Svetlana; Tkachenko, Anton; Onishchenko, Anatolii; Klochkov, Vladimir; Kavok, Nataliya
    Nanotechnology can be applied to design antibacterial agents to combat antibiotic resistance. The aim of the present study was to assess the antimicrobial effects and cytotoxicity of GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles (NPs). Biofilm inhibition activity, antimicrobial activity, bacterial viability inhibition and DNA cleavage activity of GdYVO4:Eu3+ NPs were studied. In addition, the impact of GdYVO4:Eu3+ NPs on the mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta psi(M)) of host immune cells and, hence, their apoptosis was analyzed by JC-1 staining using flow cytometry. GdYVO4:Eu3+ NPs demonstrated good antimicrobial, cell viability inhibition and DNA cleavage activities. In addition, GdYVO4:Eu3+ NPs showed good biofilm inhibition activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and inhibition percentages were 89.15% and 79.54%, respectively. However, GdYVO4:Eu3+ NPs promoted mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis of leukocytes at high concentrations. GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles are promising antibacterial agents. However, more efforts should be exerted to ensure their safety.