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    A new approach to narrow waterways traffic routing with potential flow theory and CFD
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Suner, Munir; Bas, Munip
    Navigational planning is crucial for safety of navigation in narrow waterways, both for the ships and the environment. The movement of the ships is very complex in narrow waterways, which are in curved form with surface current and counter-deep current. A TSS (traffic separation scheme), a maritime traffic management route system, has been established worldwide in most narrow waterways and turning points close to shore. The ships plan their routes under the TSS in the region they navigate. In this research, the aim of this study is to determine the optimum route by taking into account the depth, width, water flow rate, movement of the water in curved regions, and upper and lower currents in order to create proposed TSS model. For this purpose, a region with turning points in the Bosphorus and where accidents are frequent were selected. The two-dimensional potential flow theory was used to determine the velocity and pressure distribution at surface in the region where the accidents were intense, and results of the velocity and pressure distributions obtained with CFD were verified against the analytical data obtained from the potential flow theory. As a result of the study, it has been revealed that the data obtained using the two-dimensional potential flow theory and CFD are compatible with each other, and the flow dynamics obtained using the potential flow theory and/or CFD can be used to determine the dynamic TSS to navigable waterways, channels and rivers in worldwide.
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    Öğe
    Analysis of air pollution from three main transportation vehicles: a case study
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Suner, Munir
    The environmental effects of transportation vehicles have been steadily increasing for decades. In high traffic regions, the gases released into the atmosphere have become a big threat for all living creatures. In this study, emissions from aircrafts, cars and ships on Tuzla region which include Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen Airport were calculated and the emission estimation for the next 50 years (between 2022 and 2072 years) was made considering the current situation with linear regression method. In the study, considering environmental concerns, changes in these emissions with alternative fuel use were also evaluated. In addition, the emission changes of an aircraft during the flight were calculated. The emission amounts of aircraft, ships and cars in Tuzla region per hour were 389.8 µg/m3 CO2, 0.454 µg/m3 CO, 0.68297 µg/m3 NOx, 0.00374 µg/m3 SOx., 0. 687 µg/m3 SOx+NOx, 169 µg/m3 H20. It was found that in Istanbul, 13.589 ktons/year of CO2 and 121.526 tons/year of NOx, SOx emissions arise. SOx + NOx emission from vehicles at Sabiha Gökçen Airport was calculated as 24.2 kg/h and CO2 emission was calculated as 455.27 kg/h. It was found that the biggest source of CO was related with LPG vehicles. When the calculated values were compared with the current emissions, it was seen that these emission values were significantly reduced by using alternative fuels. In conclusion, if gasoline is used; CO emissions can be reduced by 6.5%, NO and NO2 emissions by 27.488%, SOx+ NOx emissions by 50.7%. If biodiesel is used, CO2 emissions can be reduced by 65%. Emissions will increase by 143.7% after 50 years. © 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.