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    Comparative biomechanical analysis of titanium fixation plates and NiTi shape memory staples for mandibular fracture treatment using finite element method
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2025) Dundar, Mehmet Akif; Gunoz, Alper; Kepir, Yusuf; Kara, Memduh; Avci, Ahmet; Arbag, Hamdi
    Mandibular fractures are common injuries that require effective treatment to restore proper function and aesthetics. While titanium fixation plates are widely used for mandibular fracture fixation, Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) shape memory staples offer potential advantages in terms of biocompatibility and adaptation to bone contours. NiTi alloys possess unique properties like shape memory and superelasticity, enabling them to return to their original shape after deformation through heating or load release. This study employs finite element analysis (FEA) to compare the biomechanical performance of titanium fixation plates and NiTi shape memory staples in treating mandibular fractures under simulated masticatory loading conditions. A 3D model of a human mandible was developed, and fractures were simulated with varying configurations of fixation plates and shape memory staples. A 200 N load, representing bite force, was applied to the incisor region, and the resulting stress distributions and displacements were analyzed. Results indicated that while both fixation methods effectively stabilized the fracture, shape memory staples exhibited lower stress concentrations compared to plates, particularly when utilizing a three-staple configuration with strategically angled placement. NiTi shape memory staples may offer a biomechanically advantageous alternative to titanium plates for mandibular fracture treatment, warranting further clinical investigation regarding long-term outcomes including bone remodeling and healing. This study demonstrates that NiTi shape memory staples are a viable alternative to traditional titanium fixation plates for mandibular fracture treatment, potentially leading to improved clinical outcomes and patient comfort.